The impact of optical characteristics on antibacterial properties of Mg0.99Fe0.01O nanoparticles

Magnesium ferrite (Mg₀.₉₉Fe₀.₀₁O) nanoparticles were synthesized through a sol-gel method to explore their structural, optical, and antibacterial properties. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and antibacterial testing. The FTIR spectrum revealed key vibrational modes associated with metal-oxygen bonds, providing insights into the crystalline structure and functional groups present. The optical properties were investigated, with the band gap determined to be 3.75 eV, indicating the potential for UV light absorption. The antibacterial activity of Mg₀.₉₉Fe₀.₀₁O nanoparticles was evaluated against Escherichia coli (E. coli), showing a zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 16 mm, demonstrating significant antimicrobial efficacy. The results suggest that the Mg₀.₉₉Fe₀.₀₁O nanoparticles possess promising antibacterial properties, which can be attributed to their small particle size and high surface area. The synthesis method, combined with the incorporation of iron into magnesium oxide, enhances the material\'s reactivity and antibacterial efficiency. These findings indicate that Mg₀.₉₉Fe₀.₀₁O nanoparticles are a viable candidate for applications in water purification, biomedical fields, and antimicrobial coatings.